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The XI International Brigade fought for the Spanish Second Republic in the Spanish Civil War. It would become especially renowned for providing desperately needed support in the darkest hours of the Republican defense of Madrid on 8 November 1936, when, with great losses, it helped repulse a major assault by veteran Nationalist troops, buying time for more Republican troops to be brought into the city.〔''(The International Brigades )'' - Colodny, Robert G. Accessed 2008-05-12.〕 ==Order of battle== It was originally mustered from international volunteers at Albacete, Spain, in mid-October 1936 as the ''IX Brigada Movíl'', with four battalions: *Franco-Belgian Battalion (14 Oct 1936) *Austro-German Battalion (14 Oct 1936) *Italo-Spanish Battalion (14 Oct 1936) *Polish-Balkan Battalion (17 Oct 1936) It was redesignated the 'XI "Hans Beimler" International Brigade' on 22 October 1936, with General "Kléber" (Manfred Stern) commanding.〔''Beevor, Antony(2006)'' p. 167〕 The original battalions were renamed as follows: *The Franco-Belgian battalion, led by Jules Dumont, became the Commune de Paris Battalion〔Thomas, Hugh. (2003). ''The Spanish Civil War.'' Penguin Books. London. p.465〕 *The Austro-German battalion, led by Hans Kahle, became the Edgar André Battalion, (after Edgar André).〔Thomas, Hugh. (2003). ''The Spanish Civil War.'' Penguin Books. London. p.465〕 *The Italo-Spanish battalion became the Garibaldi Battalion, (after Giuseppe Garibaldi). *The Polish-Balkan battalion, led by Boleslav Ulanovski, became the Dabrowski Battalion (pronounced "Dombrowski"), (after Jarosław Dąbrowski).〔Thomas, Hugh. (2003). ''The Spanish Civil War.'' Penguin Books. London. p.465〕 Shortly after the formation of XII International Brigade in November, 1936, its Thälmann Battalion and the Garibaldi Battalion (which had no rifles) swapped places. Other units that formed part of XI International Brigade at other times were: *Asturias-Heredia Battalion *Hans Beimler Battalion *Madrid Battalion *Pacifico Battalion *Pasionaria Battalion *Zwölfter Februar Battalion The brigade fought in the battles of Madrid, the Corunna Road,〔Beevor, Antony. (2006). ''The battle for Spain. The spanish civil war, 1936-1939.'' Penguin Books. London. p.190〕 Jarama,〔Beevor, Antony. (2006). ''The battle for Spain. The spanish civil war, 1936-1939.'' Penguin Books. London. pp.210-211〕 Guadalajara,〔Beevor, Antony. (2006). ''The battle for Spain. The spanish civil war, 1936-1939.'' Penguin Books. London. p.218〕 Brunete,〔Beevor, Antony. (2006). ''The battle for Spain. The spanish civil war, 1936-1939.'' Penguin Books. London. p.282 and 285〕Teruel,〔Beevor, Antony. (2006). ''The Battle for Spain. The Spanish Civil War, 1936-1939.'' Penguin Books. London. p.321〕 and the Ebro.〔Thomas, Hugh. (2003). ''The Spanish Civil War.'' Penguin Books. London. p.819〕 After the death of Hans Beimler the energetic Giuseppe Di Vittorio became the political commissar. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「XI International Brigade」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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